вторник, 27 сентября 2022 г.

For press (27.09.22)

 

Ultra-processed food linked to cancer risk   (12th September, 2022)

Further light has been shed on the possible dangers of eating ultra-processed food. A new study has revealed that consuming food such as sausages, frozen pizza, ready-to-eat meals, sodas and cakes can increase the risk of cancer, heart disease or an earlier death. Ultra-processed food includes products made in factories from ingredients that are largely or entirely made in a laboratory. They are added with things like preservatives, flavour enhancers, colourings, sugar and fats. The research was conducted on over 200,000 people in the USA over a 28-year period. Researcher Dr Fang Fang Zhang said men who ate a lot of ultra-processed food had a 29 per cent higher risk of developing bowel cancer.
         Ultra-processed foods make up a growing proportion of the food we eat.
The WHO says they account for around two-thirds of calories in the diets of American children and teenagers. Dr Zhang said children who ate ultra-processed food gained weight more quickly than those who ate a more nutritious and well balanced diet. She said: "Americans consume a large percentage of their daily calories from ultra-processed foods." She gave advice on how people can look after their bodies better through their diets. She said: "We should consider substituting ultra-processed foods with unprocessed or minimally processed foods in our diet for cancer prevention and for the prevention of obesity and cardiovascular diseases."

 

 

Vocabulary

    Paragraph 1

      1.

shed light on

a.

Eating or drinking.

      2.

revealed

b.

Helped to explain something by providing further information about it.

      3.

consuming

c.

Any of the foods or substances that are combined to make a particular dish.

      4.

ingredients

d.

Completely; totally.

      5.

entirely

e.

Made previously unknown or secret information known to others.

      6.

preservatives

f.

A disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body.

      7.

cancer

g.

Things put in food to make it last longer and keep it fresher.

    Paragraph 2

      8.

proportion

h.

Supply or make up a specified amount.

      9.

account for

i.

The action of stopping something from happening.

      10.

nutritious

j.

A part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole.

      11.

substituting

k.

Is beneficial to your body as food or drink.

      12.

prevention

l.

The condition of being unhealthily overweight.

      13.

obesity

m.

Replacing one thing with another.

      14.

cardiovascular

n.

Relating to the heart and blood vessels.

 1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if 1-8 below are true (T) or false (F).

  1. New research proves all ultra-processed food causes cancer.     T / F
  2. Frozen pizza can increase the risk of heart disease.     T / F
  3. The ingredients of ultra-processed food are mostly made in a laboratory. T / F
  4. Researchers looked at data from more than 200,000 people.     T / F
  5. Two-thirds of U.S. teens get their calories from ultra-processed food.     T / F
  6. The article says South Americans eat a lot of ultra-processed food.     T / F
  7. A doctor said everyone should go on a diet.     T / F
  8. The doctor said we should totally cut out minimally processed foods.     T / F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

  1. shed
  2. consuming
  3. risk
  4. entirely
  5. period
  6. proportion
  7. account for
  8. nutritious
  9. consider
  10. substituting
  1. replacing
  2. totally
  3. make up
  4. eating
  5. wholesome
  6. time
  7. think about
  8. cast
  9. part
  10. possibility

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

  1. Further light has been shed
  2. ready-to-
  3. ingredients that are largely or entirely
  4. flavour
  5. The research was conducted
  6. make up a growing proportion
  7. they account for around
  8. gained
  9. the prevention of
  10. cardiovascular
  1. made in a laboratory
  2. diseases
  3. of the food we eat
  4. eat meals
  5. weight more quickly
  6. on over 200,000 people
  7. obesity
  8. on the possible dangers
  9. enhancers
  10. two-thirds of calories

Comprehension questions

  1. What has been shed on the dangers of ultra-processed food?
  2. What kind of pizza constitutes ultra-processed food?
  3. Where are most of the ingredients in ultra-processed food from?
  4. How many people were part of the research?
  5. Who had a higher risk of developing bowel cancer?
  6. How much of the calories of U.S. teens are from ultra-processed food?
  7. What do children who eat ultra-processed food gain?
  8. What did a doctor say we needed to look after?
  9. What should we substitute ultra-processed food with besides processed food?
  10. What conditions did a doctor say we should prevent besides obesity?

Multiple choice quiz

1) What has been shed on the dangers of ultra-processed food?
a) information
b) cabins
c) further light
d) a torch
2) What kind of pizza constitutes ultra-processed food?
a) frozen pizza
b) Hawaiian pizza
c) four-cheese pizza
d) Margherita
3) Where are most of the ingredients in ultra-processed food from?
a) factories
b) test tubes
c) shops
d) chemicals
4) How many people were part of the research?
a) exactly 200,000
b) over 200,000
c) just fewer than 200,000
d) around 200,000
5) Who had a higher risk of developing bowel cancer?
a) vegetarians
b) children
c) women
d) men

6) How much of the calories of U.S. teens are from ultra-processed food?
a) three-quarters
b) two-thirds
c) three-fifths
d) seven-eighths
7) What do children who eat ultra-processed food gain?
a) weight
b) knowledge
c) immunity
d) satisfaction
8) What did a doctor say we needed to look after?
a) the planet
b) gardens
c) our bodies
d) tomatoes
9) What should we substitute ultra-processed food with besides processed food?
a) meat
b) cheese
c) tofu
d) minimally processed foods
10) What conditions did a doctor say we should prevent besides obesity?
a) cardiovascular diseases
b) neurological diseases
c) congenital diseases
d) genetic diseases

 

 

 

 

Как составлять реферирование статьи на английском языке?

Для начала давайте разберемся, в чем суть реферирования статьи на английском. Это не просто краткое содержание, пересказ, а анализ. Вам необходимо выделить главную идею, описать главных героев или события, факты. Для всего этого есть вводные структуры, которые необходимо знать. Итак, с чего начать и чем закончить? Мы приведем вам в пример несколько фраз. А вы выбирайте наиболее понравившиеся.

1. Название статьи, автор, стиль. 

The article I’m going to give a review of is taken from… — Статья, которую я сейчас хочу проанализировать из…

The headline of the article is — Заголовок статьи

The author of the article is… — Автор статьи

It is written by — Она написана

The article under discussion is … — Статья, которую мне сейчас хочется обсудить, ….

2. Тема. Логические части.

The topic of the article is… — Тема статьи

The key issue of the article is… — Ключевым вопросом в статье является

The article under discussion is devoted to the problem… - Статью, которую мы обсуждаем, посвящена проблеме

The author  in the article touches upon the problem of… — В статье автор затрагивает проблему….

I’d like to make some remarks concerning… — Я бы хотел сделать несколько замечаний по поводу…

I’d like to comment on the problem of… — Я бы хотел прокомментировать проблему…

 

3. Краткое содержание.

The author starts by telling the reader that - Автор начинает, рассказывая читателю, что

At the beginning of the story the author - В начале истории автор

 describes —  описывает

depicts - изображает

touches upon - затрагивает

explains - объясняет

introduces - знакомит

The story begins (opens) with a (the) description of —история начинается описанием

statement - заявлением

introduction of — представлением

The scene is laid in … - Действие происходит в

We first see (meet) … (the name of a character) as … - Впервые мы встречаемся с (имя главного героя или героев)

In conclusion the author

dwells on - останавливается на

points out - указывает на то

generalizes - обобщает

reveals - показывает

exposes - показывает

accuses/blames -обвиняет

mocks at - издевается над

gives a summary of -дает обзор

4. Отношение автора к отдельным моментам.

The author gives full coverage to… - Автор дает полностью охватывает

The article contains the following facts…./ describes in details… - Статья содержит следующие факты …. / подробно описывает

The author resorts to … to underline… - Автор прибегает к …, чтобы подчеркнуть

Let me give an example… - Позвольте мне привести пример …

5. Вывод автора.

In conclusion the author says / makes it clear that…/ gives a warning that… - В заключение автор говорит / проясняет, что … / дает предупреждение, что

At the end of the story the author sums it all up by saying … - В конце рассказа автор подводит итог всего этого, говоря

 

6. Ваш вывод

On the one hand…, but on the other hand… - С одной стороны …, но с другой стороны

To come back to what I was saying… - Чтобы вернуться к тому, что я говорил

In conclusion I’d like to… - В заключение я хотел бы

From my point of view… - С моей точки зрения

I fully agree with / I don’t agree with - Я полностью согласен с/ Я не согласен с

 

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