Ultra-processed food linked to cancer
risk (12th September, 2022)
Further light has been
shed on the possible dangers of eating ultra-processed food. A new study has
revealed that consuming food such as sausages, frozen pizza, ready-to-eat
meals, sodas and cakes can increase the risk of cancer, heart disease or an
earlier death. Ultra-processed food includes products made in factories from
ingredients that are largely or entirely made in a laboratory. They are added
with things like preservatives, flavour enhancers, colourings, sugar and fats.
The research was conducted on over 200,000 people in the USA over a 28-year
period. Researcher Dr Fang Fang Zhang said men who ate a lot
of ultra-processed food had a 29 per cent higher risk of developing bowel
cancer.
Ultra-processed foods make up a
growing proportion of the food we eat. The WHO says they account for around two-thirds of calories
in the diets of American children and teenagers. Dr Zhang said children who ate
ultra-processed food gained weight more quickly than those who ate a more
nutritious and well balanced diet. She said: "Americans consume a large
percentage of their daily calories from ultra-processed foods." She gave
advice on how people can look after their bodies better through their diets.
She said: "We should consider substituting ultra-processed foods with
unprocessed or minimally processed foods in our diet for cancer prevention and
for the prevention of obesity and cardiovascular diseases."
Vocabulary
Paragraph
1
|
1. |
shed
light on |
a. |
Eating
or drinking. |
|
2. |
revealed |
b. |
Helped to explain something by providing further
information about it. |
|
3. |
consuming |
c. |
Any of the foods or substances that are combined to
make a particular dish. |
|
4. |
ingredients |
d. |
Completely;
totally. |
|
5. |
entirely |
e. |
Made previously unknown or secret information known
to others. |
|
6. |
preservatives |
f. |
A disease caused by an uncontrolled division of
abnormal cells in a part of the body. |
|
7. |
cancer |
g. |
Things put in food to make it last longer and keep
it fresher. |
Paragraph
2
|
8. |
proportion |
h. |
Supply or make up a specified amount. |
|
9. |
account
for |
i. |
The action of stopping something from happening. |
|
10. |
nutritious |
j. |
A part, share, or number considered in comparative
relation to a whole. |
|
11. |
substituting |
k. |
Is beneficial to your body as food or drink. |
|
12. |
prevention |
l. |
The condition of being unhealthily overweight. |
|
13. |
obesity |
m. |
Replacing one thing with another. |
|
14. |
cardiovascular |
n. |
Relating to the heart and blood vessels. |
1.
TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if 1-8 below are true (T) or false
(F).
- New research proves all ultra-processed food
causes cancer. T / F
- Frozen pizza can increase the risk of heart
disease. T / F
- The ingredients of ultra-processed food are
mostly made in a laboratory. T / F
- Researchers looked at data from more than 200,000
people. T / F
- Two-thirds of U.S. teens get their calories from
ultra-processed food. T / F
- The article says South Americans eat a lot of
ultra-processed food. T / F
- A doctor said everyone should go on a diet.
T
/ F
- The doctor said we should totally cut out
minimally processed foods. T / F
2.
SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.
- shed
- consuming
- risk
- entirely
- period
- proportion
- account for
- nutritious
- consider
- substituting
- replacing
- totally
- make up
- eating
- wholesome
- time
- think about
- cast
- part
- possibility
3.
PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)
- Further light
has been shed
- ready-to-
- ingredients that are largely or entirely
- flavour
- The research was
conducted
- make up a
growing proportion
- they account for
around
- gained
- the prevention
of
- cardiovascular
- made in a
laboratory
- diseases
- of the food we
eat
- eat meals
- weight more
quickly
- on over 200,000
people
- obesity
- on the possible
dangers
- enhancers
- two-thirds of
calories
Comprehension
questions
- What has been shed on the dangers of
ultra-processed food?
- What kind of pizza constitutes ultra-processed
food?
- Where are most of the ingredients in
ultra-processed food from?
- How many people were part of the research?
- Who had a higher risk of developing bowel cancer?
- How much of the calories of U.S. teens are from
ultra-processed food?
- What do children who eat ultra-processed food
gain?
- What did a doctor say we needed to look after?
- What should we substitute ultra-processed food
with besides processed food?
- What conditions did a doctor say we should
prevent besides obesity?
Multiple choice quiz
1) What has been shed on the dangers of
ultra-processed food?
a) information
b) cabins
c) further light
d) a torch
2) What kind of pizza constitutes ultra-processed food?
a) frozen pizza
b) Hawaiian pizza
c) four-cheese pizza
d) Margherita
3) Where are most of the ingredients in ultra-processed food from?
a) factories
b) test tubes
c) shops
d) chemicals
4) How many people were part of the research?
a) exactly 200,000
b) over 200,000
c) just fewer than 200,000
d) around 200,000
5) Who had a higher risk of developing bowel cancer?
a) vegetarians
b) children
c) women
d) men
6) How much of the calories of U.S. teens are from
ultra-processed food?
a) three-quarters
b) two-thirds
c) three-fifths
d) seven-eighths
7) What do children who eat ultra-processed food gain?
a) weight
b) knowledge
c) immunity
d) satisfaction
8) What did a doctor say we needed to look after?
a) the planet
b) gardens
c) our bodies
d) tomatoes
9) What should we substitute ultra-processed food with besides processed food?
a) meat
b) cheese
c) tofu
d) minimally processed foods
10) What conditions did a doctor say we should prevent besides obesity?
a) cardiovascular diseases
b) neurological diseases
c) congenital diseases
d) genetic diseases
Как составлять реферирование статьи на
английском языке?
Для начала давайте разберемся, в чем суть реферирования статьи
на английском. Это не просто краткое содержание, пересказ, а анализ. Вам
необходимо выделить главную идею, описать главных героев или события, факты.
Для всего этого есть вводные структуры, которые необходимо знать. Итак, с чего
начать и чем закончить? Мы приведем вам в пример несколько фраз. А вы выбирайте
наиболее понравившиеся.
1. Название статьи, автор, стиль.
The
article I’m going to give a review of is taken from… —
Статья, которую я сейчас хочу проанализировать из…
The headline of the article is — Заголовок статьи…
The author of the article is… — Автор статьи…
It is written by — Она написана …
The
article under discussion is … — Статья, которую мне
сейчас хочется обсудить, ….
2. Тема.
Логические части.
The topic
of the article is… — Тема статьи
The key
issue of the article is… — Ключевым вопросом в статье
является
The article under discussion is devoted to the
problem… - Статью, которую мы обсуждаем, посвящена проблеме…
The author in the article touches upon the
problem of… — В статье автор затрагивает проблему….
I’d like
to make some remarks concerning… — Я бы хотел сделать несколько
замечаний по поводу…
I’d like
to comment on the problem of… — Я бы
хотел прокомментировать проблему…
3.
Краткое содержание.
The author starts by telling the reader that - Автор начинает, рассказывая читателю, что
At the beginning of the story the author - В начале истории автор
describes — описывает
depicts - изображает
touches upon - затрагивает
explains - объясняет
introduces - знакомит
The story begins (opens) with a (the) description of —история начинается описанием
statement - заявлением
introduction of — представлением
The scene is laid in … - Действие происходит в …
We first see (meet) … (the name
of a character) as … - Впервые мы встречаемся с (имя
главного героя или героев)
In conclusion the author
dwells on - останавливается на
points out - указывает на то
generalizes - обобщает
reveals - показывает
exposes - показывает
accuses/blames -обвиняет
mocks at - издевается над
gives a summary of -дает обзор
4.
Отношение автора к отдельным моментам.
The author gives full coverage to… - Автор дает полностью охватывает…
The article contains the following facts…./ describes in details… - Статья содержит
следующие факты …. / подробно описывает
The author resorts to … to underline… - Автор прибегает к …, чтобы подчеркнуть …
Let me
give an example… - Позвольте мне привести пример …
5. Вывод
автора.
In conclusion the author says / makes it clear that…/
gives a warning that… - В заключение автор говорит / проясняет, что …
/ дает предупреждение, что …
At the end of the story the author sums it all up by
saying … - В конце рассказа автор подводит итог всего этого, говоря …
6. Ваш вывод.
On the one hand…, but on the other hand… - С одной стороны …, но с другой стороны …
To come back to what I was saying… - Чтобы вернуться к тому, что я говорил
In conclusion I’d like to… - В заключение я хотел бы …
From my point of view… - С моей точки зрения …
I fully agree with / I don’t agree with - Я полностью согласен с/ Я не согласен с
